https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Index en-au 5 https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:38725 Wed 19 Jan 2022 10:25:02 AEDT ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:26396 2.5), moderate/severe versus mild (VAS>6 vs <5), atopic versus non-atopic and pregnancy rhinitis. At baseline, women completed the 20-Item Sino-Nasal Outcome Test (SNOT20), asthma-specific (AQLQ-M) QoL questionnaires and the Six-Item Short-Form State Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI-6). Asthma control was assessed using the asthma control questionnaire (ACQ). Perinatal outcomes were collected after delivery. Results: Current rhinitis was present in 142 (65%) women including 45 (20%) women who developed pregnancy rhinitis. Women with current rhinitis had higher scores for ACQ (p=0.004), SNOT20 (p<0.0001) and AQLQ-M (p<0.0001) compared to women with no rhinitis. Current rhinitis was associated with increased anxiety symptoms (p=0.002), rhinitis severity was associated with higher ACQ score (p=0.004) and atopic rhinitis was associated with poorer lung function (p=0.037). Rhinitis symptom severity improved significantly during gestation (p<0.0001). There was no impact on perinatal outcomes. Improved asthma control was associated with improvement in rhinitis. Conclusion: Rhinitis in pregnant women with asthma is common and associated with poorer asthma control, sino-nasal and asthma-specific QoL impairment and anxiety. In the context of active asthma management there was significant improvement in rhinitis symptoms and severity as pregnancy progressed.]]> Wed 11 Apr 2018 17:22:04 AEST ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:29617 n = 20 females, n = 22 males). OPS videomicroscopy (Microscan) was used to view ear conch skin microcirculation at 6, 24, and 72 h of age. Stored video was analyzed by a masked observer using proprietary software. There were no significant differences between the sexes for any structural parameters at any time point. There was a significant increase over time in small vessel perfusion in female infants only (P = 0.009). A number of 6- and 72-h measurements were significantly correlated, but differed from the 24-h values. These observations confirm the utility of the ear conch for neonatal microvascular videomicroscopy. They provide a baseline for studies into the use of OPS videomicroscopy in infants. The changes observed are comparable with previous studies of term infants using these and other microvascular techniques. It is recommended that studies for examining the mature neonatal microvascular structure be delayed until 72 h of life, but studies of the physiology of cardiovascular transition should include the 24-h time point after delivery.]]> Wed 11 Apr 2018 16:42:43 AEST ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:1285 Wed 11 Apr 2018 15:29:34 AEST ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:19642 Wed 11 Apr 2018 14:59:48 AEST ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:13858 Wed 11 Apr 2018 14:36:39 AEST ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:14888 Wed 11 Apr 2018 14:03:26 AEST ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:16765 Wed 11 Apr 2018 13:10:01 AEST ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:29324 Wed 11 Apr 2018 11:07:00 AEST ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:16521 Wed 11 Apr 2018 10:55:59 AEST ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:15406 Wed 11 Apr 2018 10:30:28 AEST ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:29351 Wed 11 Apr 2018 10:29:05 AEST ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:14595 Wed 04 Sep 2019 11:33:48 AEST ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:416 Thu 25 Jul 2013 09:10:04 AEST ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:407 Thu 25 Jul 2013 09:09:50 AEST ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:450 Thu 25 Jul 2013 09:09:49 AEST ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:37557 Thu 18 Feb 2021 10:11:20 AEDT ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:7295 Sat 24 Mar 2018 08:42:10 AEDT ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:8251 Sat 24 Mar 2018 08:40:36 AEDT ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:8294 Sat 24 Mar 2018 08:40:32 AEDT ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:7384 Sat 24 Mar 2018 08:40:13 AEDT ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:9603 Sat 24 Mar 2018 08:39:39 AEDT ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:7592 Sat 24 Mar 2018 08:37:22 AEDT ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:9359 Sat 24 Mar 2018 08:36:32 AEDT ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:9325 Sat 24 Mar 2018 08:33:54 AEDT ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:7273 Sat 24 Mar 2018 08:33:51 AEDT ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:1310 0.05). Corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH), a potent vasodilator that acts via the nitric oxide pathway, caused a dose-dependent vasodilatory response in all placentae in vitro. However, CRH-induced dilation was significantly reduced in moderate and severe asthmatics (ANOVA, p < 0.05). Vasoconstrictor responses to potassium chloride and prostaglandin F2alpha were reduced in placentae from moderate and severe asthmatic women (ANOVA, p < 0.05). These studies demonstrate significant differences in placental vascular function in pregnancies complicated by asthma, which may relate directly to the asthma or be a consequence of the associated glucocorticoid treatment. These changes in vascular function in asthmatic pregnancies may contribute to the low-birthweight outcome observed in this condition.]]> Sat 24 Mar 2018 08:32:42 AEDT ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:1476 Sat 24 Mar 2018 08:28:11 AEDT ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:1792 Sat 24 Mar 2018 08:27:30 AEDT ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:13298 Sat 24 Mar 2018 08:18:04 AEDT ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:11181 Sat 24 Mar 2018 08:12:55 AEDT ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:9880 Sat 24 Mar 2018 08:12:48 AEDT ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:21485 Salmonella enteritidis) or saline on postnatal days (PNDs) 3 and 5 and later subjected to the formalin test at PNDs 7, 13, and 22. One hour after formalin injection, blood was collected to assess corticosterone responses. Transverse spinal cord slices were also prepared for whole-cell patch clamp recording from lumbar superficial dorsal horn neurons (SDH). Brains were obtained at PND 22 and the hypothalamus was isolated to measure glucocorticoid (GR) and mineralocorticoid receptor (MR) transcript expression using qRT-PCR. Behavioural analyses indicate that at PND 7, no significant differences were observed between saline- or LPS-challenged rats. At PND 13, LPS-challenged rats exhibited enhanced licking (p < .01), and at PND 22, increased flinching in response to formalin injection (p < .05). LPS-challenged rats also displayed increased plasma corticosterone at PND 7 and PND 22 (p < .001) but not at PND 13 following formalin administration. Furthermore, at PND 22 neonatal LPS exposure induced decreased levels of GR mRNA and increased levels of MR mRNA in the hypothalamus. The intrinsic properties of SDH neurons were similar at PND 7 and PND 13. However, at PND 22, ipsilateral SDH neurons in LPS-challenged rats had a lower input resistance compared to their saline-challenged counterparts (p < .05). These data suggest neonatal LPS exposure produces developmentally regulated changes in formalin-induced behavioural responses, corticosterone levels, and dorsal horn neuron properties following noxious stimulation later in life. These findings highlight the importance of immune activation during the neonatal period in shaping pain sensitivity later in life. This programming involves both spinal cord neurons and the HPA axis.]]> Sat 24 Mar 2018 08:03:35 AEDT ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:17973 ENO) to guide management are equivocal. We tested the hypothesis that a management algorithm for asthma in pregnancy based on F_ENO and symptoms would reduce asthma exacerbations. Methods: We undertook a double-blind, parallel-group, controlled trial in two antenatal clinics in Australia. 220 pregnant, non-smoking women with asthma were randomly assigned, by a computer-generated random number list, before 22 weeks’ gestation to treatment adjustment at monthly visits by an algorithm using clinical symptoms (control group) or F_ENO concentrations (active intervention group) used to uptitrate (F_ENO >29 ppb) or downtitrate (F_ENO <16 ppb) inhaled corticosteroid dose. Participants, caregivers, and outcome assessors were masked to group assignment. Longacting β2 agonist and minimum dose inhaled corticosteroid were used to treat symptoms when F_ENO was not increased. The primary outcome was total asthma exacerbations (moderate and severe). Analysis was by intention to treat. This study is registered with the Australian and New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry, number 12607000561482. Findings: 111 women were randomly assigned to the F_ENO group (100 completed) and 109 to the control group (103 completed). The exacerbation rate was lower in the F_ENO group than in the control group (0·288 vs 0·615 exacerbations per pregnancy; incidence rate ratio 0·496, 95% CI 0·325–0·755; p=0·001). The number needed to treat was 6. In the F_ENO group, quality of life was improved (score on short form 12 mental summary was 56·9 [95% CI 50·2–59·3] in F_ENO group vs 54·2 [46·1–57·6] in control group; p=0·037) and neonatal hospitalisations were reduced (eight [8%] vs 18 [17%]; p=0·046). Interpretation: Asthma exacerbations during pregnancy can be significantly reduced with a validated F_ENO-based treatment algorithm.]]> Sat 24 Mar 2018 07:56:43 AEDT ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:20302 Sat 24 Mar 2018 07:55:12 AEDT ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:5597 Sat 24 Mar 2018 07:49:21 AEDT ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:5184 Sat 24 Mar 2018 07:47:48 AEDT ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:5269 Sat 24 Mar 2018 07:46:33 AEDT ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:5358 Sat 24 Mar 2018 07:43:57 AEDT ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:100 Sat 24 Mar 2018 07:42:48 AEDT ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:29635 Sat 24 Mar 2018 07:41:53 AEDT ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:29165 Sat 24 Mar 2018 07:35:45 AEDT ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:29168 n = 7) or non-allergic (control, n = 5), and subjected to repeated airway challenges with HDM (allergic group) or saline (control group) throughout gestation. Maternal lung, fetal and placental phenotypes were characterised at 140 ± 1 days gestational age (term, ~147 days). The eosinophil influx into lungs was greater after HDM challenge in allergic ewes than after saline challenge in control ewes before mating and in late gestation. Airway resistance increased throughout pregnancy in allergic but not control ewes, consistent with increased airway smooth muscle in allergic ewes. Maternal allergic asthma decreased relative fetal weight (-12%) and altered placental phenotype to a more mature form. Expression of surfactant protein B mRNA was 48% lower in fetuses from allergic ewes than controls, with a similar trend for surfactant protein D. Thus, allergic asthma in pregnant sheep modifies placental phenotype, and inhibits fetal growth and lung development consistent with observations from human pregnancies. Preconceptional allergen sensitisation and repeated airway challenges in pregnant sheep therefore provides an animal model to identify mechanisms of altered fetal development and adverse pregnancy outcomes caused by maternal asthma in pregnancy.]]> Sat 24 Mar 2018 07:35:45 AEDT ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:29323 4500 g). Results: On average, women with a normal BMI gained 1 kg/m² between first and second pregnancies, while women who were overweight or obese gained 1.37 kg/m². Among women with a normal BMI in their first pregnancy, a BMI increase of ≥4 kg/m² was associated with increased risk of developing GDM (aRR 1.97; 95% CI 1.22–3.19), a macrosomic (aRR 4.06; 95% CI 2.25–7.34) or LGA infant (aRR 1.31 0.96–1.78) in the second pregnancy, while a reduction in BMI (≤–2 kg/m²) was associated with an increased risk of SGA (aRR 1.94; 1.19–3.16). Among women who were overweight or obese in their first pregnancy, a BMI increase of ≥2–4 and ≥4 kg/m² was associated with increased risks of developing GDM in the second pregnancy (aRR 1.39; 95% CI 1.01–1.91 and aRR 1.64 95% CI 1.16–2.31; _Ptrend< 0.001), while no associations were observed for a BMI increase and risk of a macrosomic, SGA, or LGA infant. In contrast, reduction in BMI (≤–2 kg/m²) was associated with a reduced risk of GDM (aRR 0.58 95% CI 0.37–0.90) and SGA (aRR 0.47; 95% CI 0.25–0.87). Conclusion: Increases in BMI between pregnancies is associated with an increased risk for perinatal complications, even in normal-weight women, while a reduction in BMI is associated with improved perinatal outcomes among women who are overweight/obese. Inter-pregnancy weight control is an important target to reduce the risk of an adverse perinatal outcome in a subsequent pregnancy.]]> Sat 24 Mar 2018 07:34:20 AEDT ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:3496 Sat 24 Mar 2018 07:20:35 AEDT ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:22527 Sat 24 Mar 2018 07:15:41 AEDT ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:23612 Sat 24 Mar 2018 07:13:27 AEDT ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:42045 N = 895). Medication use, adherence, knowledge, and inhaler technique were compared between cohorts. Changes in self-management knowledge/skills and women's perception of medication risk to the fetus were assessed in 685 women with 5 assessments during pregnancy, and 95 women who had a postpartum assessment. RESULTS:At study entry, 41%, 29%, and 38% of participants used ICS in the 2004, 2007, and 2013 cohorts, respectively (p = 0.017), with 40% non-adherence in each cohort. Self-management skills of pregnant women with asthma did not improve between 2004 and 2017 and possession of a written action plan remained low. Maximum improvements were reached by 3 sessions for medications knowledge and one session for inhaler technique, and were maintained postpartum. ICS adherence was maximally improved after one session, but not maintained postpartum. Perceived risk of asthma medications on the fetus was highest for corticosteroid-containing medication; and was significantly reduced following education. Conclusions: There was a high prevalence of non-adherence and poor self-management skills in all cohorts. More awareness of the importance of optimal asthma management during pregnancy is warranted, since no improvements were observed over the past decade.]]> Mon 22 Aug 2022 10:25:31 AEST ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:46224 Mon 14 Nov 2022 12:12:02 AEDT ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:23240 Fri 22 Apr 2022 10:21:16 AEST ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:46047 Fri 11 Nov 2022 14:11:12 AEDT ]]>